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Lesson 2

Text 
Vocabulary 
Pronunciation 
Grammar 
Excercise 
Excercise Answers

Text

1. Man har ruz bã mãšin sar e kãr miravam.

2. Šomã bã ci sar e kãr miravid ?

3. Šomã bã otobus  sar e kãr miravid.

4. Man dar yek šerkat kãr mikonam. 

5. Šomã kojã kãr mikonid ?

6. Šomã kojã nãhãr mixorid ? 

7. Man har šab televizion negãh mikonam.

8. Šomã har šab ruz-nãme mixãnid.

9. Bijan musiqi guš mikonad.

Pronunciation

ã		arthur, art
š		shell, she
x		Spanish jose, or Dutch goede
c		chair, check
e		let, check
q		French rouge
u		noon, room

Vocabulary

Persian		English			Persian		English
har		every			nãhãr		lunch
har ruz 	everyday		mixorid	you eat
bã		with			šab		night
mãšin 		car			televizion	television
sar e kãr	at work			negãh		look
miravam		I go			negãh mikonam	I watch
miravid		you go			ruz-nãme	newspaper
otobus		bus			mixãnid		you read
dar		in			musiqi		music
yek		one, a			guš		ear
šerkat		company			guš mikonad	he/she listens
kãr 		work, job
mikonam		I do
kojã		where
kãr mikonid	you work

Grammar

Compound verbs are made by putting together a noun and an auxiliary verb. The
verb is then conjugated. For example :

kardan		to do
kãr		work
guš		ear
kãr kardan		to work
guš kardan		to listen

The adverbs can be placed before or after the object of the verb. In formal (correct)
speech the adverb comes before, and in informal (colloquial) speech it can come
after the object. For example:

Formal:	Man sar e kãr nahãr mixoram.	I eat lunch at work.
Informal:	Man nahãr sar e kãr mixoram.

Formal :	Man har šab ruz-nãme mixãnam.	I read the newspaper every night.
Informal:	Man ruz-nãme har šab mixãnam.

The inquisitive adverb occupies the same place in a question that the object in
question would occupy in a sentence. For example :

Šomã nahãr mixorid.		You eat lunch.
Šomã ci mixorid ?		What are you eating ?

Man be Tehran miravam.		I go to Tehran.
Man kojã miravam ?		Where do I go ?

The imperative root Bon e amr for the verbs used in the lesson are the following :


kardan		kon
raftan		rav
xordan		xor

Present tense is conjugated with the mi prefix and the personal pronoun as the suffix:


mi-kon-am	I do	mi-rav-am	I go	mi-xor-am	I eat
mi-kon-i	you (singular) do	mi-rav-i	you (singular) go	mi-xor-i	you (singular) eat
mi-kon-ad	he/she does	mi-rav-ad	he/she goes	mi-xor-ad	he/she eats
mi-kon-im	We do	mi-rav-im	We go	mi-xor-im	We eat
mi-kon-id	You (plural) do	mi-rav-id	You (plural) go	mi-xor-id	You (plural) eat
mi-kon-and	They do	mi-rav-and	They go	mi-xor-and	They eat

Excercise

Translate the following to Persian :

1. I read the newspaper.

2. I read the newspaper everyday.

3. You read the newspaper everynight.

4. You listen to music.

5. What do you listen to ?

6. Bijan goes to work by bus. 

7. I go to work by car.

8. We watch television.

9. We watch television together.

Excercise Answers

1. Man ruz-nãme mixãnam.

2. Man har ruz ruz-nãme mixãnam.

3. Šomã har šab ruz-nãme mixãnid.

4. Šomã musiqi guš mikonid.

5. Šomã ci guš mikonid.

6. Bijan bã otobus sar e kãr miravad.

7. Man bã mãšin sar e kãr miravam.

8. Mã televizion negãh mikonim.

9. Mã bã ham televizion negãh mikonim.

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